A calibration curve is an empirical equation that relates the response of a specific instrument to the concentration of a specific analyte in a specific sample matrix (the chemical background of the sample). Your instructor will have several unknown samples. How to Create and Use Standard Curves for Calibration - YouTube Create a new calibration curve. We use cookies to enhance your experience on our website. The generation of the titration curve is a feature of Excel. The limit of detection can be calculated from the slope of the calibration curve and is generally defined as LOD=3*S.D./m, where S.D. Mix carefully and release all liquid. Read the absorbency of the diluted solutions on the spectrophotometer. Pipet 100 L of the original blue dye into the first well (A1). To be completely accurate, the standard samples should be run in the same matrix as the unknown sample. How to create a calibration curve using EXCEL. - YouTube Logged in . For this calibration curve, the noise was obtained by taking a standard deviation of repeated measurements and was 0.021. Wir knnen diese Informationen verwenden, um Ihnen Benachrichtigungen ber Ihr Konto, Ihren institutionellen Zugang und / oder andere verwandte Produkte zu senden. Transfer 100 L of the mixture into the next well (A3). Mix carefully and release all liquid. Step One: Create Your Chart Our simple example spreadsheet consists of two columns: X-Value and Y-Value. Transfer 40 L of the mixture into the next well (C6). Calculate the concentration of the sample using the equation of the best-fit line. Calibration curves are used to understand the instrumental response to an analyte and predict the concentration in an unknown sample. Transfer 100 L of the mixture into the next well (A2). Then fill the flask to the line with solvent, and mix. Melden Sie sich an oder starten Sie Ihre kostenlose Testversion. Let's start by selecting the data to plot in the chart. Excel Part 3Constructing a Titration Curve - Chemistry LibreTexts Enter the label mmol HCl into cell B8, enter the function needed to calculate this into cell B9, and then drag it down through cell B22. This time varies depending on a range of chemical properties of the molecules. A sample matrix is the components of the sample other than the analyte of interest, including the solvent and all salts, proteins, metal ions, etc. The independent variable is the variable that we change by design: in this case, thats the increasing volumes of titrant added at different points in the titration. For this, a range of standard solution volumes is added to the sample. This is accomplished by fitting a curve to the data points. Note that theres nothing in columns C and G at this point. sx = sy | m | 1 k + 1 n + (y y)2 m2 n i = 1(xi x)2. The second 1:10 dilution tube would have a _____ % concentration. Serial dilutions allow for small aliquots to be diluted instead of wasting large quantities of materials, are cost-effective, and are easy to prepare. Measure the absorbance of solutions with a microplate reader. Left-click and hold the mouse down and drag the coward cursor below for the last cellular in the column. The concentration data must be plotted on the log scale to obtain a line. This ensures that all wells B1-B5 have the same volume. Calculate the LOD. Generally this is defined as a signal that is 3 times the noise. The equation that governs the calibration curve is generally known ahead of time, so a log-plot is used when there is a log in the equation. Laptop computer with program installed to run microplate reader. Prepare standard solution contains all components. value of flux increases. adequate fit. A blank sample is measured multiple times. Be sure to add graph title and labels for X and Y axes. Making the Standards: Serial Dilutions, 2. Generating Standard Curve and Determining Concentration of - YouTube The peak area can be correlated to concentration using a simple calibration curve of a range of standard solutions, like in this example of popular soda ingredients. 1.5: Uncertainty in values determined from a Calibration Curve Which is one calibration curve in Excel, and why is it important? The expected equation for the electrode response is y (in mV)=-59.2*log x+b at 25 C. To demonstrate how to create one calibration curve in Microsoft Excel, we'll develop ten data pairs so we'll use as examples. How to Calculate Unknown Concentration from Standard Curve in Excel Concentration of the analyte is calculated by solving for x when y is the ratio of analyte signal/internal standard signal in the unknown sample Either one standard or several standards, to create a calibration curve, may be used. Mix carefully and release all liquid. A set of standard solutions is used to prepare the calibration curve. Bitte geben Sie eine institutionelle E-Mail-Adresse ein. This results in a set of solutions with concentrations ranging over several orders of magnitude. Create a series of solutions of decreasing concentrations via serial dilutions. However, not all curves are linear and sometimes to get a line, one or both set of axes will be on a logarithmic scale. Then, fill to the line with solvent. Measure the rest of the standards, repeating the measurements for each. The run sequence plot of the This video shows how you can use Excel to make a simple calibration curve. Enter the label VHCl, mL into cell A8, and then enter the volumes of titrant added into cells A9-A22. The unknown absorbency is substituted as Y in the equation. This page titled Excel Part 3Constructing a Titration Curve is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Contributor. Add a trend line to the chart to project the characteristics of entities with only one known value. Select display equation on chart and display R-squared value on chart. The lag plot in the Now right click on any of the dots and select "Add Trendline" \[\text{concentration factor}= \dfrac{\text{volume}_{\text{initial}}}{\text{volume}_{\text{final}}}\nonumber\], \[\text{dilution factor}= \dfrac{1}{\text{concentration factor}}\nonumber\]. Please login to your JoVE account to get access. A calibration curve is used to determine the concentration of an unknown sample, to calculate the limit of detection, and the limit of quantitation. . Now that you've learned the basics of a calibration curve, let's see how to prepare and use one in the laboratory. You do not need to change the pipet tip. Mix carefully and release all liquid. Transfer 100 L of the mixture into the next well (A4). This is known as the limit of linearity. Take another volumetric flask and pipette the amount of standard needed for the dilution, then fill to the line with solvent and mix. This was done for a Beer's Law plot with Absorbance vs. Record the data to make a plot later. (PDF) Preparation of Calibration Curves A Guide to Best Practice Typically the response is linear, however, a curve can be made with other functions as long as the function is known. Create the graph y vs. x to see what this relationship looks like, and insert this graph into your spreadsheet. Run the standards in random order, in case there are any systematic errors. normal probability plot indicate that the residuals are Open the computer program to run the microplate reader. Uncertainty analysis for extinguishing fire, the predicted values and the Run the unknown sample(s). How to Make a Calibration Curve in Excel - A to Z Color Transfer 40 L of the mixture into the next well (C2). This calibration curve could be used to measure the concentration of fluoride in toothpaste or drinking water. Science How to Create Calibration Curves Updated April 24, 2017 By Liz Tomas Calibration curves are used to determine the concentration of unknown substances based on previous measurements of solutions of known concentrations. Figure 1. The absorbance was 0.243 and this corresponded to a concentration of 2.02 M. Optional inputs include a matrix of unknown measurements and whether results should be dumped to the screen or not. Add some solvent, mix so the sample dissolves, then fill to the line with the proper solvent. Obtain a clean, dry 96 well microplate, always touching the edges only. The construction of an acid-base titration curve involves thinking through how the pH is determined during each different phase of the process: As you think through how the pH is determined at these different times in the titration, you will see how to construct the functions needed to do the calculations for each phase. The limit of detection of the instrument, or the lowest measurement that can be statistically determined over the noise, can be calculated from the calibration curve as well. JoVE, Cambridge, MA, (2023). More. Mix carefully and release all liquid. Step 1: Open the Data Source In the first step, you should open the Excel workbook that contains the known values that you want to plot on the calibration curve. This page titled Excel Part 3Constructing a Titration Curve is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, . A calibration curve can be used to understand the concentration of an environmental pollutant in a soil sample. Grundlagen der analytischen Chemie. Liz Tomas began writing professionally in 2004. Read the absorbency of the unknown concentration solution on the spectrophotometer. The next sample is made from the previous dilution, and the dilution factor is often kept constant. Among the methods used to validate analytical methods, such as serial dilutions, computing LOD and LOQ via a calibration curve in MS Excel is more accurate and reliable. If you would like to continue using JoVE, please let your librarian know as they consider the most appropriate subscription options for your institutions academic community. Figure 2. Grundlagen der analytischen Chemie. Thank you for taking us up on our offer of free access to JoVE Education until June 15th. This is the most common and straightforward method, and it is the one to use if you know that your instrument response is linear. Take the reading with the first sample. Source: Laboratory of Dr. B. Jill Venton - University of Virginia. that might be present in the sample. The data were collected with an ion-selective electrode for fluoride. Run the additional standard samples, repeating the measurements for each sample to get an estimate of noise. Use the graphing program to calculate the regression line for the graphed points. From there, we're able to calculate the. The units for the slope are the y-axis unit/concentration, in this example (, The calibration curve for absorbance of blue dye #1 (at 631 nm) is shown below (. The serial dilution method defines the LOD as the concentration of analyte that gives you a response 95% of the time across a dilution series. Choose " Linear ." Please check your Internet connection and reload this page. upper left corner shows a non-random pattern and it shows It could be used determine the concentration of a neurotransmitter in a sample of brain fluid, vitamin in pharmaceutical samples, or caffeine in food. Push the button to close the microplate reader. The better the curve the more accurate the answer, the worse the curve the worse the accuracy. For some curves, the data might need to be plotted with an axis as a log to get a line. What do we know in the beginning that will be relevant in an acid-base titration? Generally, a set of standard samples are made at various concentrations with a range than includes the unknown of interest and the instrumental response at each concentration is recorded. The LOD would be 3*0.021/.109=0.58 M. Pipet 100 L of DI-water into the first 5 wells of row A (A1-A5). For entry 1, a series of sample solutions were prepared with water and matrix to create a calibration curve. Share this post. 1. It is a good idea to run the samples in random order (. Here, we will demonstrate how to calculate an unknown concentration from the standard curve in Excel. Choose Add Trendline from this menu. Leider ist Ihre E-Mail-Adresse fr dieses Angebot nicht gltig. We recommend downloading the newest version of Flash here, but we support all versions 10 and above. Highlight the data you need ( A1:B8 ). It is important to use the same solvent as the sample. For a good calibration curve, at least 5 concentrations are needed. Um mehr ber unsere GDPR-Richtlinien zu erfahren, klicken Sie hier. Thus, calibration curves are useful in environmental, biological, pharmaceutical, and food science applications. Accurately weigh the standard, and transfer it into a volumetric flask. Perform serial dilutions. Then the first 1:10 dilution tube would have a concentration of 400/10 = __________, Then the second 1:10 dilution would have a concentration of ____________. A serial dilution is performed by first preparing a stock solution of the analyte. The function takes two vectors X and Y, which must be the same length, and which contain the calibration data. To prepare the standards, pipette the required amount in the volumetric flask. You've just watched JoVE's introduction to the calibration curve. The generation of the titration curve is a feature of Excel. That is, for each X value it appears that there is a How to create a library in EndNote X7; How to change highlighter color in the Adobe Acrobat Reader DC ; Labels Education. With acid-base titrations, the dependent variable is the pH of the solution; and the titration curve answers the question How does the pH of the solution change with the addition of the titrant? The neutralization of a strong base with a strong acid comes to equilibrium quickly, so this titration can be done with a sigmoidal titration curve. Alle Rechte vorbehalten. A titration curve is a graph of how some quantity of a solution (the dependent variable, y) changes with the addition of known amounts of a titrant of known concentration (the independent variable, x). This means that we may need to For this case study, we will use the quadratic model When the calibration curve is linear, the slope is a measure of sensitivity: how much the signal changes for a change in concentration. You should arrange your data in pairs and enter one pair to a row with the values in adjacent columns. The sheet also includes a dilutions factor calculator using which the concentration of analyte in the undiluted samples can also be automatically calculated. To do this, go to Insert > Charts > Line Chart and select "Line with Markers" as your chart type. First, prepare a concentrated stock solution of the standard. Please recommend JoVE to your librarian. Related posts. Whether you need help solving quadratic equations, inspiration for the upcoming science fair or the latest update on a major storm, Sciencing is here to help. Finally, the limit of quantification can also be calculated. The error bars are from repeated measurements of the same sample and are standard deviations. Calibration curves can be used to predict the concentration of an unknown sample. The limit of quantification is the lowest amount of analyte that can be accurately quantified. Calculate the concentration of the unknown. Older browsers that do not support HTML5 and the H.264 video codec will still use a Flash-based video player. Here is a COMPREHENSIVE guide to help you recognize the concept also how to utilize it. After that, we will use the pH and volume of titrant information to construct the titration curve. An example of an electrochemistry calibration curve is shown below (Figure 2). Please click here to view a larger version of this figure. This plot shows clearly that the variation is increasing as the . Left: The absorbance was measured of different concentrations of blue dye #1. Using an Excel spreadsheet, calculate the pH of the solution after the addition of 0.00, 10.00, 25.00, 40.00, 45.00, 49.00, 49.50, 50.00, 50.50, 51.00, 55.00, 60.00, 75.00, and 90.00 mL of titrant; and then prepare a titration curve from the data. The concentration factor is the initial volume divided by the final solution volume; the dilution factor would be the inverse of the concentration factor. The dependent variable of interest is the pH of the solution, but the calculation of pH involves different preliminary calculations during the different phases of a titration. Drag them down through the rows that correspond to the pre-equivalence phase (but no farther). 7. The stock solution is 10% NaOH. A calibration curve can also help define the linear range, the range of concentrations that the instrument gives a linear response. Results: Calibration Curve of Absorbance of Blue Dye #1. deviation. Carefully pipet up and down twice to mix. To create series with different intervals, simply change the first two numbers. corner and the normal probability plot in the lower Then make sure that you released all liquid into the first well. Thus, care must be taken when making the initial solution. To calculate the mV/V readings we will concoct a small formula in excel to subtract the mV reading at zero PSI from the pressurized reading and divide it by the excitation voltage. Transfer 50 L of the mixture into the next well (B4). First make qualitative assumptions, which components may present in your sample. Student Learning Outcomes: For more detail on this technique, please watch the JoVE science education video, "The method of standard addition". The X-intercept of 0.1000 pmol was smaller than that of NPY (0.4000 pmol) (Table 2 and Fig. If the R2 value = 1, then that shows a perfect positive relationship. 2.6.5.2. Create a calibration curve for the rotameter - NIST The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Video advice: Using Excel for a Calibration Curve. Unable to load video. Enter the label Spreadsheet Documentation into cell A24, and then complete this section as before. This is calculated as 10 standard deviations above theblank signal. Here is a COMPREHENSIVE leader toward help you realize that concept real how to application it. At this point, what determines the pH? the weights are proportional to the variance, We can use bisquare weighting How to Make a Calibration Curve | Lab Manager that the residuals have a strong autocorrelation, which In the example from step 2, y = 1.05x + 0.2. In this video, you will learn how to Generate a Standard Curve and determine Unknown Concentrations in Excel by a Simple Method. curve. Remember the BCA (Before Change After) chart? Preparing Two-Fold Serial Dilution (Dilution Factor of Two), Preparing Four-Fold Serial Dilution (Dilution Factor of Four), Preparing Five-Fold Serial Dilution (Dilution Factor of Five). The info pairs will depict x-values and y-values. Many calibration curves are linear and can be fit with the basic equation y=mx+b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept. Concentration Calibration Procedures - Home - Chemistry LibreTexts Transfer 40 L of the mixture into the next well (C3). Our goal is to make science relevant and fun for everyone. Close the lid of the spectrophotometer and press the zero button. How to Create Calibration Curves | Sciencing Genieen Sie eine kostenlose 2-stndige Testversion. At the equivalence point, all of the analyte has reacted with the titrant; none of the reactants remain. { "Excel_Part_1\u2014Writing_Functions:_Translating_Chemistry_into_Excel" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Excel_Part_2\u2014Statistical_Analysis:_Putting_the_Pieces_Together_to_Determine_the_Concentration_of_an_Analyte_and_Evaluate_the_Precision_of_the_Results" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Excel_Part_3\u2014Constructing_a_Titration_Curve" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Excel_Part_4\u2014Constructing_a_Titration_Curve_for_a_Weak_Base-Strong_Acid_Titration" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()" }, { Absorbance_and_Fluorescence_Analysis_of_NAD_and_NADH : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Acid-Base_Chemistry" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Acid-Base_Equilibrium" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Acid-Base_Titrations:_Simulations" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Acid-Base_Titrations_(McGuire)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Acid-Base_Titrations_(Mullaugh)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Acid-Base_Titrations_(Wenzel)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Acid-Base_Titration_Simulation" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Acids,_Bases,_Buffers_and_Neutralization" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Acids_and_Bases : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Activity_in_Chemical_Equilibrium_(Mullaugh)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Activity_in_Chemical_Equilibrium_(Oxley)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Analog_to_Digital_Conversion : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Analysis_of_Biochemical_Oxygen_Demand,_Phosphate_and_Nitrate" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Analyzing_Literature_Articles : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Atmospheric_Gases_\u2013_CO2_and_O3" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Back_Titration : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Beer\u2019s_Law" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Beer\u2019s_Law_Calculations" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Biofuels_Titration : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Buffers : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Buret_Calibration_and_Stardardization_of_NaOH_Solution : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Calculating_the_pH_of_Solutions : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Calibration : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Calibration_Curves_(Mullaugh)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Calibration_Curves_(Oxley)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Calibration_Curves_(Venton)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Calibration_Methods_(Gonzalez)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Calibration_Methods_(Gray)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Calibration_Methods_(Harris)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Calibration_Methods_(Hunter)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Case_Study:_Arsenic_Analysis" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Case_Study:_Lead_in_Water" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Case_Study:_Morphine_and_its_Metabolites" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Case_Study:_Sampling_and_Sample_Preparation" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Chemical_Equilibrium_(McGuire)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Chemical_Equilibrium_(Strein)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Chemistry_of_Bread-Making" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Choosing_the_Right_Graph : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Chromatographic_Resolution : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Chromatography : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Comparing_Spectroscopic_Techniques : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Comparison_of_Phosphate_Analysis_Methods : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Concentration_and_Dilution : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Concentration_Calibration_Procedures : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Concentration_Determination : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Data_Analysis_and_Statistics : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Designing_an_Acid-Base_Titration" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Development_of_a_Sampling_Plan : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Dilutions_and_Propagation_of_Uncertainty : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Dilutions_and_Volumetric_Glassware : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Echellette_Grating_(Griffith)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Echellette_Grating_(Hughey)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", EDTA_Chelation_and_Titrations : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Electrochemical_Cells : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Electrochemical_Sensor_Project : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Electrochemical_Titrations : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Electrochemistry : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Electrochemistry:_Basic_Concepts" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Electrochemistry:_Introductory_Concepts" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Elemental_Analysis_of_Ancient_Roman_Coins : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Error_and_Propagation_of_Error : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Error_and_Statistics : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Excel_Tutorial : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Excel_Workshop : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", External_Calibration_and_Propagation_of_Error : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Fast_Scan_Cyclic_Voltammetry : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Fick\u2019s_Laws" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Figures_of_Merit : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Fluorescence_pH_Curve : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Fourier_Transformation_of_Data : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "FT-IR_Spectroscopy" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Gas_Chromatographic_Columns : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Gas_Chromatographic_Detectors : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Gas_Chromatography : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Gas_Chromatography:_End_of_Unit_Problem_Solving" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "GC-Electron_Capture_Detection:_Analysis_of_a_Literature_Article" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "GC-MS:_Performance_Enhancing_Drugs" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "GC:_Temperature_Influence" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", GC_Elution_Order : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", GC_Retention_Order : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Gravimetric_Analysis:_Calculations" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Gravimetric_Analysis_(Fry-Petit)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Gravimetric_Analysis_(Heiss)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Gravimetric_Analysis_(Hunter)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "HPLC_Case_Study:_Forensics_with_Chromatographic_Data_Set" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", HPLC_Retention_Order : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Immunoassays : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Internal_Standards_and_LOD : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Internal_Standards_and_Standard_Addition : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Introduction_to_Analytical_Chemistry_(Fry-Petit)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Introduction_to_Analytical_Chemistry_(Pompano)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Introduction_to_Chromatography : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Introduction_to_Mass_Spectrometry : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Ionic_Strength_and_Activity : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Limit_of_Detection : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Liquid-Liquid_Extraction" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Literature_Analysis:_Mass_Spectrometry" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Literature_Article_Analysis:_Electrochemistry_(Pompano)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Literature_Article_Analysis:_Electrochemistry_(Scott)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Literature_Article_Analysis:_Fluorescence" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Literature_Article_Analysis:_HPLC_vs._GC-MS" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Literature_Article_Analysis:_Microfluidic_Field_Assays" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Mass_and_Charge_Balances : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Mass_Spectra_of_THMs_and_Fluorobenzene : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Mass_Spectrometry:_Analysis_of_a_Literature_Article" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Mass_Spectrometry:_Nitrogen_Rule" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Mass_Spectrometry:_Performance_Enhancing_Drugs" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Mass_Spectrometry_Imaging : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Mass_Spectrometry_\u2013_DESI_vs_DART" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", MATHCAD_Tutorial : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Measurements_and_Uncertainty : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Measurement_Errors : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Metal_Complexation_Equilibria : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Metal_Complexation_Equilibria_(Wenzel)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Method_Validation:_Performance_Enhancing_Drugs" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Neutralization_Reactions : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "NMR_Spectroscopy_(Griffith)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "NMR_Spectroscopy_(Quinones-Fernandez)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Normal_Distribution_and_Statistics : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Nyquist_Frequency : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Partition_Coefficient_and_Chromatographic_Retention_Order : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Penny_Statistics_with_Data_Set : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Phytochemicals_in_Broccoli_Microgreens : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Polyprotic_Acid : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Polyprotic_Systems : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Potentiometry : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Propagation_of_Error_in_Solution_Preparation : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Propagation_of_Uncertainty_and_Titrations : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Qualitative_and_Quantitative_Analysis_via_GC-MS" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Quantitative_Analysis:_Nuts_and_Bolts" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Quantitative_Fluorescence : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Recovery_Curves_and_Signal_Averaging : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Redox_Reactions : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Sample_Introduction_in_Gas_Chromatography : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Sample_Prep:_Performance_Enhancing_Drugs" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Sampling:_Performance_Enhancing_Drugs" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Selection_of_Appropriate_Separation_Method : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Signals-to-Noise_Ratio" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Signals_and_Noise : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Signal_and_Noise : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Signal_Averaging : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Size_Exclusion_Chromatography_(Crawford,_Kloepper)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Size_Exclusion_Chromatography_(Liu)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", SI_Units_and_Significant_Figures : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Solubility_and_Ionic_Strength_(Fry-Petit)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Solubility_and_Ionic_Strength_(Scott)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Solubility_Equilibria_(McGuire)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Solubility_Equilibria_(Scott)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Solubility_Equilibria_and_Calculations : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Solubility_Product : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Solutions_Preparation_and_Dilutions : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Spectral_Data_Set_with_Suggested_Uses : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Standardization : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Standard_Addition : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Statistics:_Excel_Exercise" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Statistics_(Gray)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Statistics_(Mullaugh)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Statistics_(Witter)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Statistics_in_Chemical_Analysis : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Stock_Solution_and_Calibration_Standard_Preparation : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Titrimetry:_Analysis_of_Literature_Article" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "Understanding_Radiative_Forcing:_Climate_Change" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Use_of_Glassware : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", "UV//Vis_Spectroscopy" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()", Weak_Acid_Titration : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass230_0.b__1]()" }, Excel Part 3Constructing a Titration Curve, [ "article:topic", "Excel", "license:ccbyncsa", "licenseversion:40", "authorname:asdl" ], https://chem.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fchem.libretexts.org%2FAncillary_Materials%2FWorksheets%2FWorksheets%253A_Analytical_Chemistry_II%2FExcel_Tutorial%2FExcel_Part_3%25E2%2580%2594Constructing_a_Titration_Curve, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), Excel Part 2Statistical Analysis: Putting the Pieces Together to Determine the Concentration of an Analyte and Evaluate the Precision of the Results, Excel Part 4Constructing a Titration Curve for a Weak Base-Strong Acid Titration.

Haley Actress Modern Family, Fbi Fanfiction Maggie Shot, Articles H