Foam Feasibility Study by National Center for Manufacturing Sciences (NHTSA, June 2018). 52. This includes testing of rear-facing and forward-facing CRs (and of both modes, when CRs offer both). children too small to be safely protected in a booster seat. belts and components to restrain the child, CRS surfaces or parts transferring energy to the occupant). 49 U.S.C. 213, "Child restraint systems," to adopt side impact performance requirements for all child restraint systems designed to seat children in a weight range that includes children weighing up to 18 kilograms (kg) (40 pounds (lb.)). Sullivan et al. The NPRM was issued eight years ago, and even at that time, the topic had already been discussed for over a decade. A: The NPRM proposed to test CRs only when installed using LATCH; however, after reviewing comments, NHTSA was convinced that there was a safety need to also test CRs when installed using a lap-shoulder belt. 98. III. The NHTSA-Woodbridge seat cushion consists of the foam material covered by the cover used in test procedures of ECE R.44. Application. 214 and FMVSS No. The new testing requirement may also lead to changes in instructions for use. Report Date November 2021 6. 149. 224. (2011). 214 MDB crash test involves an MDB weighing 1,360 kg (3,000 lb), to represent a vehicle which is traveling at 48.3 kilometers per hour (km/h) (30 miles per hour (mph)) striking the side of another vehicle which is traveling at 24 km/h (15 mph). 171. Evaluation of the Large Omni-Directional Child Anthropomorphic Test Device (bts.gov). This document denies a petition for rulemaking from Jewkes Biomechanics (Jewkes) requesting that NHTSA amend Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 213 side impact test was evaluated for repeatability and reproducibility at the two different laboratories in test setup, overall kinematics of the child restraints, and dummy responses. . and As explained above in this document, FMVSS No. Louden & Wietholter (2022). 213 seat. Target Population: Approximately 30 percent of the children who died restrained in a CRS in a motor vehicle crash were involved in a side impact. 119. NHTSA Vehicle Safety and Fuel Economy Rulemaking and Research Priority Plan 2011-2013 (Docket No. There are still no child test dummies that are suitable for use in a side impact FMVSS other than the Q3s. 49 U.S.C. To be docketed along with this final rule. NHTSA-2007-26833-0023 for a transcript of the February 8, 2007 meeting where Takata gave a presentation on its side impact test procedure. i.e. In the FMVSS No. 213a, so manufacturers will likely label them to fall outside of the applicability of the side impact standard. The Diono Olympia was tested once at VRTC and twice at Kettering. 205. Id. 210. 231. 44 FR 72131 (December 13, 1979), 45 FR 27045, The NPRM also proposed to amend FMVSS No. 85 FR at 69393. eCFR :: 49 CFR Part 571 -- Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards Manufacturers Alliance for CPS (MACPS). 140. NHTSA considered incorporating the side impact requirements into FMVSS No. http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/811325.pdf, 222. Klinich, Kathleen D., Jones, Monica H., Manary, Miriam A., Ebert, Sheila H., Boyle, Kyle J., Malik, Laura, Orton, Nichole R., Reed, Matthew P., (2020, April). Available at: AIS ranks individual injuries by body region on a scale of 1 to 6: 1=minor, 2=moderate, 3=serious, 4=severe, 5=critical, and 6=maximum (untreatable). Sullivan et al. 54. 213 had a head impact protection requirement for rear-facing CRSs that required areas contactable by the dummy's head to be covered with slow recovery, energy absorbing material. supra. This includes: FMVSS 301 Fuel System Integrity; FMVSS 302 Flammability of Interior Materials; FMVSS 305 Electric-Powered Vehicles, Electrolyte Spillage and Electrical Shock Protection; . McCray, L., Scarboro, M., Brewer, J. See NHTSA-2014-0012-0045, at pg. 272. Sullivan et al. DOT HS 813 211 2. The child restraint anchorage system is commonly referred to as the LATCH system (Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children). 143. 49 CFR 571.213a - Standard No. 213a; Child restraint systems - side At the present time there are no side impact tests required for child restraints in Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 216. 213aSide impact No. 1. . NPRM, 85 FR 69388, November 2, 2020, For instance, given the 30-pound cutoff for using the Q3s dummy for testing, it seems likely that, in the future, fewer RF-only models will be sold that state a maximum child weight limit of more than 30 pounds. 213a will not apply. 213a side crash when restraining the mass of the 12-month-old CRABI. 213a side impact test buck and test methodology from those that were originally released with the NPRM. Seat orientation reference line means the horizontal line through Point Z as illustrated in Figure 1 of the regulatory text section of this final rule. (2013). For long duration accelerations without a pronounced peak, such as those when the head does not contact any hard surfaces (as in the frontal FMVSS No. What else could we do to make the rule easier to understand? Interaction with the sliding seat is considered to be during the period from time T0, Report No. While the agency was developing the final rule, the agency realized that some of the Q3s dummies that had been delivered to CRS manufacturers and test facilities following the publication of the 2014 NPRM did not meet the specifications NHTSA had proposed for the dummy. That requirement was removed when the 12-month-old CRABI dummy was adopted into FMVSS No. 77. 12866 (Regulatory Planning and Review), National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act, PART 571FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS, https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2022-13658, MODS: Government Publishing Office metadata, https://www.transportation.gov/individuals/privacy/privacy-act-system-records-notices, https://www.nhtsa.gov/about-nhtsa/electronic-reading-room, www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html, https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/812069, https://www.regulations.gov/document/NHTSA-2014-0012-0002, https://www.nhtsa.gov/equipment/car-seats-and-booster-seats#age-size-rec, https://www.transportation.gov/office-policy/transportation-policy/revised-departmental-guidance-on-valuation-of-a-statistical-life-in-economic-analysis, https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/813033, https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/811387, https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/8126834, http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/811325.pdf, www.nhtsa.gov/nhtsa/announce/NHTSAReports/TREAD.pdf, https://web.archive.org/web/20131012130527/http://www.carseat.org/Pictorial/InfantPict,1-11.pdf, https://web.archive.org/web/20120915194832/http://www.carseat.org/Pictorial/3-Five-%20Point-np.pdf, https://www.healthychildren.org/English/safety-prevention/on-the-go/Pages/Car-Safety-Seats-Information-for-Families.aspx, https://www.nhtsa.gov/equipment/car-seats-and-booster-seats, http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/2013/R129e.pdf, https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/812142, https://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/cdc_charts.htm, https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/49119, https://www.customfoaminc.com/CustomFoamProductsSpecSheet.pdf, https://www.nhtsa.gov/vehicle-manufacturers/test-procedures, https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.dot.gov/files/811994-sideimpcttest-chrestraintdecelsled_pt1.pdf, https://web.archive.org/web/20201201232308/https://us.britax.com/product-knowledge/articles/clicktight-convertibles/, http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/esv/esv20/07-0205-O.pdf, https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/documents/811995-sideimpcttest-chrestraintdecelsled_pt2.pdf, http://www.dot.gov/sites/dot.dev/files/docs/VSL%20Guidance%202013.pdf, Average cost per CRS designed for children in a weight range that includes weights up to 40 lb, 2 Layers of Side Impact Protection (energy-absorbing shell and foam-lined head rest), 3 Layers of Side Impact Protection (energy absorbing shell, foam-lined headrest and external cushions), EPS Energy Absorbing Foam and Reinforced Steel, EPS Energy Absorbing Foam, Reinforced Steel and Safety Surround Technology (safety surround means that the head rest has a thicker foam), Q3s in Forward Facing (FF) Convertible Installed with CRAS, Q3s in Rear Facing (RF) Convertible Installed with lower anchors only (LA only), Graco Classic Ride 50/Graco Comfort Sport, Graco Nautilus/Nautilus 65/Nautilus Safety Surround, 5 kg (11 lb) to 13.6 kg (30 lb) in weight; 650 mm (25.5 inches) to 870 mm (34.3 inches) in height, Weight 13.6 kg (30 lb) to 18.1 kg (40 lb); Height 870 mm (34.3 inches) to 1100 mm (43.3 inches). Paper Number 07-0186. In 2010, FTSS merged to become Humanetics Innovative Solutions. 46. It will lead to the installation of new technologies, such as side curtain air bags and torso side air bags, which are capable of improving head and thorax protection to occupants of vehicles that crash into poles and trees and vehicles that are laterally struck by a higher-riding vehicle. Side Impact Protection -- Dynamic: Standard regulation on dynamic side impact protection. 213a; Child restraint systemsside impact protection. Sherwood, C.P., Ferguson, S.A., Crandall, J.R., Factors Leading to Crash Fatalities to Children in Child Restraints, 47th Annual Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM), September 2003. DOT HS 812 791). Section 6.1.2 (a)(1) of the proposed rule indicated a tension for the tether as not less than 53.5 N and not more than 67 N. During the tests of the FMVSS No. 30111(b)(3). 86. Sign up for email updates and tips. May 2014. 197. More details on how and when Kettering adjusted its sled system weight can be found in the technical report: Brelin-Fornari, J., Final Report on CRS Side Impact Study of Repeatability and Reproducibility using a Deceleration Sled, July 2017. Reproducibility is defined as the similarity of test responses subjected to repeats of a given test condition in different test laboratories. Last accessed on June 11, 2012. 132. (Through its own testing, NHTSA found that RF-only CRs that passed side-impact tests with a base also passed without the base and, therefore, has opted to not subject manufacturers to additional testing of these CRs in baseless mode.). Ask an Engineer: Are Differences Among Webbing Types Important? Aram, M.L., Rockwell, T., Vehicle Rear Seat Study, Technical Report, July 2012. In addition to these performance measures, the CRs will be assessed post-crash to ensure they meet the existing FMVSS 213 test requirements for system integrity, contactable surfaces, and buckle release. 213 did not have a side impact test, a quantifiable assessment of the protective qualities of the features was heretofore not possible. 49 CFR Parts 571 and 585 Similarly, the child restraint must maintain structural integrity in the FMVSS No. 102. (In recent years, all boosters and CRs in booster mode have moved to a minimum child weight of 40 pounds or more; only a few of the 135+ booster models on the 2022 Product Listing at healthychildren.org state a minimum weight limit of 30 pounds, and even those have been updated to 40 pounds since the list was posted. Britax stated that requiring testing under FMVSS No. 247. Rear facing versus forward-facing child restraints: an updated assessment, 2017, Injury Prevention. First, NHTSA has proposed a requirement that boosters must be labeled as not suitable for children weighing less than 18.1 kg (40 lb) (85 FR 69388, 206. NHTSA has proposed increasing this weight limit to 18.1 kg (40 lb) (85 FR 69388). 58. NHTSA-2014-0012-0043, at pg. Further, testing NHTSA conducted in developing this final rule indicate that not all side wings and padding protect the same, and in some cases, "more" of a countermeasure . the new requirements for the frontal and side tests becoming effective on different dates. Louden, A., & Wietholter, K. (September 2022). 236. 288. The Q3s is an instrumented dummy that can assess the performance of child restraint systems in protecting small children in side impacts. 234. 146. Foam Feasibility Study by National Center for Manufacturing Sciences (NHTSA, June 2018). See, Therefore, we consider the repeatability results of the NPRM tests with the deceleration type sled valid. NHTSA evaluated the Q3 dummy and found that the Q3 dummy did not have adequate biofidelity in lateral impact, in contrast to the Q3s dummy, which was designed for side impacts. 30111(a). 79 FR at 4573, col. 2. NHTSA-2014-0012-0007. Regulation 44, Child Restraint Systems and UNECE Regulation 129, Enhanced Child Restraint Systems.. has an effect on the results as different accelerometers may pick up different vibration levels. Sullivan et al. Sullivan, L.K., Louden, A.E., Echemendia, C.G. Below are the answers to some basic questions CPSTs may have about this new rule. (FMVSS 537): Standard regulation on automotive fuel . Children weighing more than 18.1 kg (40 lb) restrained in CRSs would have a seated height similar to the height of a 5th percentile adult female. https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/8126834. As mandated by this act, the legal deadline for the final rule is now July 5, 2014. The SGMF consisted of two wood blocks (600 mm x 88 mm x 38 mm) and a 76 mm (3 inches) hinge. advanced side impact protection and Diono SuperLATCH attachment. 0005 (hereinafter 2012 Vehicle Rear Seat Study). Sullivan et al. 186. 2011. A: NHTSA data shows near-side impacts to be more injurious than far-side impacts for children under age 4, accounting for 80% of moderate-to-critical injuries to restrained 0- to 3-year-old children involved in side impacts. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) Guide - NTEA Rigid Pole Side Impact Test: Standard regulation on rigid pole side impact test. 223. 53. S7.1 and S6.1.2(b) wording was slightly modified to be consistent with S7.1 (a) and (b). NHTSA-2009-0108-0032). 215. 253. See the following report for documented accelerometer placement trials. 213 Side Impact Test Evaluation and Revision, available in the docket of this final rule. The agency believed that the cost of a compliance test (estimated at $1,300) spread over the number of units sold of that child restraint model was very small, especially when compared to the price of a child restraint. NHTSA has developed a Final Regulatory Impact Analysis (FRIA) that discusses issues relating to the estimated costs, benefits, and other impacts of this regulatory action. 265. The severity of the FMVSS No. (2013)]. 213 and HIC was introduced as a performance measure. Li, H.R., & Pickrell, T. (2018, September). The location of the top tether anchorage was on the lower rear frame of the seat, similar to the typical location of a tether anchorage in captain's seats in minivans. 213 Child Restraint Systems 39. https://www.nhtsa.gov/equipment/car-seats-and-booster-seats#age-size-rec. 213; Child restraint systems. Revised Estimates of Child Restraint Effectiveness, Research Note, National Center for Statistics and Analysis (NCSA) of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), DOT HS 96855, December 1996. 5. Facebook ), A: The tests will use the existing 1-year-old CRABI dummy to test CRs for use by children weighing 11 to 30 pounds. Since then additional research assessed comments and research questions presented in the NPRM. In the final rule, this step has been changed, as applying this force to the Q3s dummy may inadvertently cause the dummy's skin to get tucked in the pelvis. Educational Materials for the Child Passenger Safety Field. Docket No. Note: This is not the place to order a, Related Products Available From Other CPS Organizations, AAP Issues a Revision of CPS Policy Statement. Summary of FMVSS 213a: New Side-Impact Test Standard for Car Seats Id. September 1, 2015 comment, p. 3. 213Child Restraint Systems Summary Child Restraint Systems Use of dynamic tests z Revision of FMVSS No. The FRIA is available in the docket for this final rule and may be obtained by downloading it or by contacting Docket Management at the address or telephone number provided at the beginning of this document. 213 Side Impact Test. 49 U.S.C. See 213 ( 571.213 ). (2009). 270. II. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, How This Final Rule Differs From the NPRM, In-Depth Study of Fatalities Among Child Occupants, In-Depth Study of Injuries to Child Occupants in Motor Vehicle Crashes. Louden & Wietholter (2022). ) 30111(a). and Q & A: New Side-Impact Rule, FMVSS 213a - Safe Ride News NHTSA's statement on the two different attachment methods having similar performance was referring to near-side impact tests where paired comparisons using different CRS installation methods resulted in HIC15 and chest deflection results that were not significantly different. and a lengthwise and breadthwise breaking strength of 120 kg (264.5 pounds) and 80 kg (176.3 pounds), respectively. FMVSS No. The prospect of side-impact testing also caused some concern that future CR designs would have to become wider (limiting installation options) and/or heavier (limiting portability) in order to pass testing. A CRS that is recommended by its manufacturer for use either by children having a mass between 10 and 18.1 kg (22 to 40 lb) or by children with heights between 850 and 1100 mm, (33.5 and 43.3 inches) would be tested with the Q3s dummy. 226, Ejection mitigation, respectively. The sled carriage is the bottom part of the sled, and the sliding seat is on top of that. Sullivan et al. 213, "Child restraint systems," to remove a requirement that child restraint systems (CRSs) must meet performance requirements without use of a top tether, or exclude from that requirement. 66. The final rule requires tests using both installation methods. Children between 4- and 12-years-old have lower child restraint use (4- to 7-year-olds = 55 percent and 8- to 12-year-olds = 6 percent). https://www.nhtsa.gov/equipment/car-seats-and-booster-seats. NHTSA-2014-0012-0045, at pg. Title and Subtitle Repeatability and Reproducibility of the FMVSS No. FMVSS testing and vehicle compliance services | TV SD 259. Per the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act, motor vehicle safety standards means a minimum standard for motor vehicle performance, or motor vehicle equipment performance, which is practicable, which meets the need for motor vehicle safety and which provides objective criteria. 213 included specifications for a standard seat assembly that would be used in the compliance test. I. 3. The percent coefficient of variation (%CV) is a measure of variability expressed as a percentage of the mean. Specifically, NHTSA was not able to demonstrate that theoretical structural improvements to CRSs could actually achieve the 400 HIC limit, and other means of meeting the limit would reduce the space provided for the child's head or make the CRS wider and heavier, which may impact overall use of the CRS. 213 side impact test evaluation and revision 99. Quoting MAP-21, 31501(b), Frontal Impact Test Parameters.. Supra. A freely sliding belt anchor is a load bearing device through which the seat belt webbing may freely pass and change direction. 104. 211. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. PDF U.s. Department of Transportation - Nhtsa It may be tracked in the U.S. government's Unified Agenda of Regulatory and Deregulatory Actions. Preliminary Regulatory Impact AnalysisSide Impact Test for Child Restraints FMVSS No. (Note: The NPRM had proposed a 22-pound cutoff to determine which of the dummies to use. http://www.woodbridgegroup.com. 80. Also, the 40 lb weight limit represents the weight of a 75th percentile 4-year-old child and an average 5-year-old child. 139. FMVSS 213 Child Restraint Systems; FMVSS 214 Side Impact Protection; FMVSS post-crash survivability - 300-series. 213 and 213a because the agency is concerned that caregivers will not use the load leg. An acceleration sled is accelerated from rest to a prescribed acceleration profile to simulate the occupant compartment deceleration in a crash event. 190. Link to foam manufacturer's terminology: While CRS to door/armrest contact is happening, the velocity is decreasing so the velocity that a narrower CRS experiences is lower than a wide one. This test procedure is in the following report in the docket of this final rule: Louden, A., & Wietholter, K. (March 2022). SLIM FIT DESIGN FOR 3 ACROSS - Features 6 layers of Safe+ side impact protection without . A door velocity (representing the struck vehicle door velocity) of 31 km/h (19.3 mph) prior to the honeycomb contacting the sliding seat structure, based on the FMVSS No. NHTSA does not anticipate booster seats will be produced that are subject to FMVSS No. NHTSA notes that the design elements required for CR models to pass at 40 pounds will also protect larger children who continue to use those models (as most models in FF mode can nowadays be used to a child weight of 65 pounds). ). 106. A more stringent head excursion requirement applies in the test in which the tether is attached. 260. Link: (2009 https://www.nhtsa.gov/vehicle-manufacturers/test-procedures. Have we organized the material to suit the public's needs? The RIN for the rulemaking is 2127-AL20. This document is in the docket for this final rule. 118. 213a for clarity and plain language purposes. 3. 65. Does the Olli feature side impact protection? - Clek Support Fmvss 403 - Ntea Tests that were within new relative velocity tolerance at impact time conducted at Kettering University in 2016. 168. 266. (2009), Sullivan et al. Section 9.2(c) of the proposed regulatory text referred to a 178 Newton (N) force that would be applied to the dummy's crotch and thorax using a flat square surface with an area of 2,580 square millimeters. 250. ). During the agency's testing, we found that the type of accelerometer (damped, undamped, ruggedized, etc.) NHTSA recommends that children riding forward-facing should be restrained in CRSs with internal harnesses (child safety seats) as long as possible before transitioning to a booster seat. 129. This feature is not available for this document. The original Takata sled buck did not include an armrest. 68 FR 37620 (June 24, 2003). April 2014. 65. 176. ARCCA may be referring to the test details provided in the report, ISO TR 14646:2007, Road vehiclesSide impact testing of child restraint systemsReview of background data and test methods, and conclusions from the ISO work as of November 2005.. 2022-13658 Filed 6-29-22; 8:45 am]. 2014, Jermakian & Wells 2011, O'Neil et al. 85 FR 69388, 79 FR at 4572-4573. 281. 49 CFR 571.213 - Standard No. 213; Child restraint systems. (Note: as discussed below, this article was retracted in 2016.). Seat orientation reference line means the horizontal line through Point Z as illustrated in Figure 1 of S4 in the regulatory text of the NPRM.

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